Title Notes (Automation Chapter-1) (1).pdf ✅

Digital instrumentation & Relay Logic Control MD.Amirul islam What is digital instrumentation? Digital instrumentation refers to the use of digital technology and electronic components in instruments designed to measure, monitor, and control physical quantities like temperature, pressure, flow, and voltage. digital instruments process signals in discrete steps (0 or 1) and typically display the data in numerical form. Basic example of digital instruments: Common digital instruments in industrial automation: 1. Push button switch 2. Emergency stop switch 3. Selector switch 4. Limit switch 5. Photo & proximity sensors 6. Temperature switch 7. Pressure switch 8. Flow switch 9. Level sensor or switch 10. Indicator lamp 11. Relay 12. Overload relay 13. Magnetic contactor 14. Buzzer etc. Types of digital or binary instruments: Digital input & Digital output Input: input devices can be defined as hardware components that allow users to feed data or instructions into a system. All switch & sensors are input. Output: An output device in an electrical system converts electrical energy into another form of energy, such as light, sound etc.


Digital instrumentation & Relay Logic Control MD.Amirul islam Energy limiting class of a MCB: The "energy-limiting class" of a Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) refers to the ability of the MCB to limit the energy released during a short-circuit event. MCBs are generally categorized into different classes based on their energy-limiting properties: Class 1 (Standard MCB): These MCBs do not limit energy in an efficient way and are more likely to allow a higher level of fault energy through. Class 2 (Energy-Limiting MCB): These MCBs are designed to limit the energy delivered during a fault. They provide better protection and minimize the effects of short-circuit faults on the electrical system. Class 3 (High Energy-Limiting MCB): These offer superior energy-limiting characteristics, reducing the fault energy even further. These are generally used in circuits where sensitive equipment needs additional protection. How to read nameplates of a MCB: Symbol of MCB: Overload Short Circuit