Title International Relations.pdf ✅

4 th June, 2024 Not for resale and redistribution (UPSC Self Study) www.selfstudynotes.com 1 UPSC Self Study Notes International Relations Price of this note : ₹108 (for downloadable PDF) FREE to study online Table of Contents International Relations ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 India’s Foreign Policies .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16 Evolution of India’s Foreign Policy ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Independence and Partition (1947-54) .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Panchsheel (1954) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17 Non-Alignment Movement (1961-91) ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Fall of the Soviet Union and Economic Liberalisation ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Act East Policy ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18 Look East vs. Act East Policy .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18 Objective of Act East Policy ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Initiatives of India towards Act East Policy ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Neighbourhood First Policy ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
4 th June, 2024 Not for resale and redistribution (UPSC Self Study) www.selfstudynotes.com 2 Significance of NFP .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 19 Challenges in Implementing the NFP ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19 Present Challenges to India’s Foreign Policy .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Soft Power.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20 Soft Power vs. Hard Power ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 20 India’s Soft Power Diplomacy ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20 India’s Development Cooperation ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22 India’s Model of Development Cooperation ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 22 India Pakistan Relation................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22 Gilgit-Baltistan Dispute ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 22 Importance of Gilgit-Baltistan Region ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Non-nuclear Aggression Agreement .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 23 Shimla Agreement, 1972 ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Sir Creek Dispute ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Kartarpur Corridor ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Indus Water Treaty .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Dispute Resolution Mechanism ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 25 Sharing of Water .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 25 Prevalent Issues within the Treaty................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 25 Viability of Abrogation of IWT ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 Diamer Bhasa Dam.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 26 China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 26 India’s Concern ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 Issues in Baluchistan Region .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 27 Hostility towards CPEC Project......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 India US Relation ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 28 Historical Background of the Relation ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 28 Pre-Cold War Relation ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
4 th June, 2024 Not for resale and redistribution (UPSC Self Study) www.selfstudynotes.com 3 Post-Cold War Relations .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 29 India USA Mutual Dependence ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 29 India US Defense Engagements............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 31 Foundational Agreements ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 31 Defense Technology and Trade Initiative (DTTI) ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 Defense Industrial Cooperation ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 Cooperation in Space War ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 32 Economic Relation ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 Generalized System of Preference ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 Trade War under Trump Administration....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 Friend Shoring ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 32 Mineral Security Partnership (MSP) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 33 Partnership in Energy Sector ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 33 Partnership to Advanced Clean Energy (PACE) ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 India-US Clean Energy Agenda 2030 Partnership...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Energy Security ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Engagement in Cultural Section ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Religious Freedom................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 33 Challenges in US-India Relation ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 The Russia Factor ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 33 The China Factor .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 34 Currency Monitoring List ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34 India Russia Relations ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 34 Historical Background .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 35 India USSR Relations ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35 Relation in Post-Soviet Era ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 35 Importance of Russia for India ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 35 Positive Developments in the Relation ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
4 th June, 2024 Not for resale and redistribution (UPSC Self Study) www.selfstudynotes.com 4 Diplomatic Relation ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 36 Engagement in Energy Security ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Defence Engagement .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Economic Relation ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 37 Challenges in India Russia Relation ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 Disapproval of Indo-Pacific ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 Stagnant Trade ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 The US Factor ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 38 Deepening Russia Pakistan Relation .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 38 The China Factor .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 38 India Nepal Relations ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 Diplomatic Ties ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 38 Defense Cooperation ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Economic Relations ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Trade & Investments ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Connectivity and Development Partnership................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 39 Power Exchange ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Border Disputes ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39 Kalapani Dispute .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 39 Kailash Mansarovar Link Road......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40 Religious and Cultural Ties ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40 Diplomacy on Buddhism .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 40 Major Issues between India and Nepal .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 41 India China Relations ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 41 Historical Background of the Relation ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 41 Ancient Silk Road ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 41 Evolution of Modern India China Relations .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 41 Water Dispute ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 42