Title 2. NOMOGRAMS AND TABULATIONS IN DESIGNING DOSAGE REGIMEN.pdf ✅

PHARMD GURU Page 1 INTRODUCTION:  Nomograms and Tabulations in Dosage Regimen Designs for ease of calculation of dosage regimens, many clinicians rely on nomograms to calculate the proper dosage regimen for their patients.  The use of a nomogram may give a quick dosage regimen adjustment for patients with characteristics requiring adjustments, such as age, body weight, and physiologic state.  In general, the nomogram of a drug is based on population pharmacokinetic data collected and analyzed using a specific pharmaco-kinetic model.  In order to keep the dosage regimen calculation simple, complicated equations are often solved and the results displayed diagrammatically on special scaled axes or as a table to produce a simple dose recommendation based on patient information.  Some nomograms make use of certain physiologic parameters, such as serum creatinine concentration, to help modify the dosage regimen according to renal function.  Pharmaceutical manufacturers provide dosage recommendations in the approved label for many marketed drugs in the form of a table or as a nomogram.  These are general guidelines to aid the clinician in establishing an initial dosage regimen for patients.  The tables may include loading and maintenance doses that are modified for the demographics of the patient (ex: age, weight) and for certain disease states ex: renal insufficiency).  For drugs with a narrow therapeutic range, such as theophylline, a guide for monitoring serum drug concentrations is given.  Another example is the aminoglycoside antibiotic, tobramycin sulfate USP, which is eliminated primarily by renal clearance. Thus, the dosage of tobramycin sulfate should be reduced in direct pro-portion to a reduction in creatinine clearance.  The manufacturer provides a nomogram for estimating the percent of the normal dose of tobramycin sulfate assuming the serum creatinine level (mg/100 mL) has been obtained. NOMOGRAMS AND TABULATIONS IN DESIGNING DOSAGE REGIMEN

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