Title UHV Unit 1 & 2.pdf ✅

UNIT1 Q.Whatdoyoumeanbyvaluesorhumanvalues? or Whatisvalueeducation?Whythereisaneedofvalueeducation? or Howdoesvalueeducationhelpsinfulfillingone'saspirations? ANS. Characterorientededucationthatinstilsbasicvaluesandethnicvaluesin one’spsycheiscalled‘ValueBasedEducation’.Thesubjectthatenablesusto understand‘whatisvaluable’forhumanhappinessiscalledvalueeducation.Value educationisimportanttohelpeveryoneinimprovingthevaluesystem thathe/she holdsandputsittouse.Once,onehasunderstoodhis/hervaluesinlifehe/shecan examineandcontrolthevariouschoiceshe/shemakesinhis/herlife.Value educationenablesustounderstandourneedsandvisualizeourgoalscorrectlyand alsohelpstoremoveourconfusionsandcontradictionsandbringharmonyatall levels.Italsohelpsremoveourconfusionsandcontradictionsandenablesusto rightlyutilizethetechnologicalinnovations. Valuesform thebasisforallourthoughts,behavioursandactions.Onceweknow whatisvaluabletous,thesevaluesbecomesthebasis,theanchorforouractions. Wealsoneedtounderstandtheuniversalityofvarioushumanvalues,becauseonly thenwecanhaveadefiniteandcommonprogramforvalueeducation.Thenonlywe canbeassuredofahappyandharmonioushumansociety. Q.Whatarethebasicguidelinesforvalueeducation? Ans: Thesubjectthatenablesusto understand ‘whatisvaluable’forhuman happinessiscalledvalueeducation.Inordertoqualifyforanycourseonvalue education,thefollowingguidelinesforthecontentofthecourseareimportant: •Universal: Itneedstobeapplicabletoallthehumanbeingsirrespectiveofcast, creed,nationalities,religion,etc.,foralltimesandregions. •Rational: Ithastoappealtohumanreasoning.Ithastobeamenabletoreasoning andnotbasedondogmasorblindbeliefs. •Naturalandverifiable: Ithastobenaturallyacceptabletothehumanbeingwho goesthroughthecourseandwhenweliveonthebasisofsuchvaluesitleadstoour happiness.Itneedstobeexperientiallyverifiable,andnotbasedondogmas,beliefs orassumptions. •Allencompassing: Valueeducationisaimedattransformingourconsciousness andliving.Hence,itneedstocoverallthedimensions(thought,behaviour,workand realization)andlevels(individual,family,society,natureandexistence)ofhumanlife andprofession.
•Leading to harmony: The value education ultimatelyis targeted to promote harmonywithintheindividual,amonghumanbeingsandwithnature. Q.Whatistheneedforvalueeducation? or Writeashortnoteontheneedforvalueeducationintoday’sscenario. Ans: Thesubjectthatenablesusto understand ‘whatisvaluable’forhuman happinessiscalledvalueeducation.Needforvalueeducationis: Correctidentificationofouraspirations. Thesubjectwhichenablesusto understand‘whatisvaluable’forhumanhappinessiscalled‘valueeducation’(VE). Thus,VEenablesustounderstandourneedsandvisualizeourgoalscorrectly andalsoindicatethedirectionfortheirfulfilment.Italsohelpstoremoveour confusionsandcontradictionsandbringharmonyatalllevels. Understanding universal human values to fulfil our aspirations in continuity. Valuesform thebasisforallourthoughts,behavioursandactions. Onceweknow whatisvaluabletous,thesevaluesbecomesthebasis,the anchorforouractions.Wealsoneedtounderstandtheuniversalityofvarious humanvalues,becauseonlythenwecanhaveadefiniteandcommonprogram forvalueeducation.Thenonlywecanbeassuredofahappyandharmonious humansociety. Complimentarityofvaluesandskills. Tofulfilouraspirationsbothvaluesand skillsarenecessary.Whenweidentifyandsettherightgoalsandproducedin rightdirection.Thisisknownasvaluedomain,thedomainofwisdom,andwhen welearnandpracticestoactualizethisgoaltodevelopthetechniquestomake thishappeninreallife,invariousdimensionsofhumanendeavor(struggle).This isknownasdomainofskills. Hence,thereisanessentialcomplementaritybetweenvaluesandskillsforthe successofanyhumanendeavor.Forexample,Iwanttoleadahealthylife.Only wishingforgoodhealthwillnothelpmekeepmybodyfitandhealthyandwithout havingunderstoodthemeaningofhealth,Iwillnotbeabletochoosethings correctlytokeepmybodyfitandhealthy. Evaluationofourbeliefs. Eachoneofusbelievesincertainthingsandwe baseourvaluesonthesebeliefs,betheyfalseortruewhichmayormaynotbe trueinreality.Thesebelievescometousfrom whatweread,see,hear,whatour parentstellsus,ourfriendstalkabout,whatthemagazinestalkof,whatwesee from TVetc.ValueEducationhelpsustoevaluateourbeliefsandassumed values. Technologyandhumanvalues. Thepresenteducationsystem hasbecome largelyskill-based.Theprimeemphasisisonscienceandtechnology.However, scienceandtechnologycanonlyhelptoprovidethemeanstoachievewhatis consideredvaluable.Itisnotwithinthescopeofscienceandtechnologyto providethecompetenceofdecidingwhatreallyisvaluable.ValueEducationisa crucialmissinglinkinthepresenteducationsystem.Becauseofthisdeficiency, mostofoureffortsmayprovetobecounterproductiveandseriouscrisesatthe individual,societalandenvironmentallevelaremanifesting.
Q.Valuesandskillcomplementeachother.Elaborate. or “ForsuccessinanyHumanEndeavourbothvaluesandskillsarerequired.”Explain. or Whatdoyoumeanbyvalues?Howdotheydifferfrom skills?Howarevaluesand skillscomplementary? or Explainhow productionskillsandhumanvaluesarecomplementary.Givetwo examples. Ans: Valuesmeansimportanceorparticipationandskillsmeansqualities,training, andcapabilities.Tofulfilouraspirationsbothvaluesandskillsarenecessary.When weidentifyandsettherightgoalsandproducedinrightdirection.Thisisknownas valuedomain,thedomainofwisdom.Basicallywemustknowwhatreallyisuseful toachievehumanhappiness,thehappinesstoallandforallthetime. Andwhenwelearnandpracticestoactualizethisgoaltodevelopthetechniquesto makethishappeninreallife,invariousdimensionsofhumanendeavour(struggle). Thisisknownasdomainofskills.Hence,thereisanessentialcomplementarity betweenvaluesandskillsforthesuccessofanyhumanendeavour. Forexample,Iwanttoleadahealthylife.Onlywishingforgoodhealthwillnothelp mekeepmybodyfitandhealthyandwithouthavingunderstoodthemeaningof health,Iwillnotbeabletochoosethingscorrectlytokeepmybodyfitandhealthy. Soihavetolearntheskillstoachievethegoalofgoodhealthi.e.foodtobe consumed,thephysicalworkouttobedesigned.Sowithoutknowingthemeaningof goodhealth,healthcannotbeachievedandalsoitisnecessarytomakeuseofthe goaltoachievethegoalofthegoal. Q.Defineselfexploration.Whatisthecontentofself–exploration? Ans: Selfexploration is the process to find outwhatis valuable to me by investigatingwithinmyself,whatisrightforme,trueforme,hastobejudgedwithin myself.Throughselfexplorationwegetthevalueofourself.Welivewithdifferent entirety(family,friends,air,soil,water,trees,etc.)andwewanttounderstandour relationshipwithallthese.Forthisweneedtostartobservinginside.Themainfocus ofself-explorationismyself-thehumanbeing.Contentofselfexplorationisjust findinganswerstothefollowingfundamentalquestionsofallhumanbeings: 1.TheDesire/Goal: Whatismy(human)Desire/Goal?WhatdoIreallywantinlife,or whatisthegoalofhumanlife? 2.Program: Whatismy(human)program forfulfillingthedesire?Howtofulfilit? Whatistheprogramtoactualizetheabove?
Inshort,theabovetwoquestionscoverthewholedomainofhumanaspirationsand human endeavor.Thus,theyformthecontentofself-exploration. Q.Selfexplorationisaprocessofdialoguebetween‘whatyouare’and‘whatyou reallywanttobe’.Explainandillustrate. Ans: Selfexploration is the process to find outwhatis valuable to me by investigatingwithinmyself,whatisrightforme,trueforme,hastobejudgedwithin myself.Throughselfexplorationwegetthevalueofourself.Itisaprocessof focusingattentiononourself,ourpresentbeliefsandaspirationsvis-à-viswhatwe reallywanttobe(thatistosay,whatisnaturallyacceptabletous).Ifthesetwoare thesame,thenthereisnoproblem.Ifoninvestigationwefindthatthesetwoarenot thesame,thenitmeanswearelivingwiththiscontradiction(ofnotbeingwhatwe reallywanttobe)andhence,weneedtoresolvethiscontradictionthisconflictwithin us.Itisaprocessofdiscoveringthatthereissomethinginnate,invariantand universalinallhumanbeings.Thisenablesustolookatourconfusionsand contradictions within and resolve them by becoming aware ofournatural acceptance. Q.Howcanweverifyproposalsonthebasisofournaturalacceptance?Explain withexample. or Whatdoyoumeanbyyournaturalacceptance?Isitinnate,invariantanduniversal? Explain or “Naturalacceptanceisinnate,invariantanduniversal.”Explainthisstatementwith anexample. Ans: Naturalacceptanceimpliesunconditionalandtotalacceptanceoftheself, peopleandenvironment.Italsoreferstotheabsenceofanyexceptionfrom others. Oncewefullyandtrulycommitourselfonthebasisofnaturalacceptance,wefeela holistic sense ofinnerharmony,tranquility and fulfillment.Actually natural acceptanceiswaytoacceptthegoodthingsnaturally.Learneverythingthatisgood from others,butbringitin,andinourownwayabsorbit;donotbecomeothers.We caneasilyverifyproposalsinthebasisofcharacteristicsofnaturalacceptance mentionedbelow: a) Naturalacceptancedoesnotchangewithtime.Itremainsinvariantwith time.Forexampleournaturalacceptancefortrustandrespectdoesnotchange withage. b) Itdoesnotdependontheplace.Whateverwehaveaccepted,inourlife,at anytimeofourage,doesnotchange,evenifwemovefromoneplacetoanother one. c) Itdoesnotdependonourbeliefsorpastconditionings. Nomatterhowdeep ourbelieforpastconditioning,aslongasweaskourselvesthequestionsincerely,