Title ENB 201 ENGLISH NOTES.pdf ✅

FOR MORE UPDATES VISIT https://notewiz.in/ COMPULSORY ENGLISH (ENB-201) IN ENGLISH B.A III rd Semester Notes AMU
FOR MORE UPDATES VISIT https://notewiz.in/ NOTE: "There are no questions at the end of each unit in *Compulsory English 201*. The SAMPLE QUESTIONS provided here are based on the unit and are meant for students' practice Unit I: Structural Patterns (Phrase and Clause) 1. Define a sentence and give examples of its different types. A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. It must contain a subject and a predicate and follow grammatical rules. Sentences are classified into different types based on their function and structure. Types of Sentences Based on Function: 1. Declarative Sentence (statement): It makes a statement and ends with a period. o Example: The sun rises in the east. 2. Interrogative Sentence (question): It asks a question and ends with a question mark. o Example: Where are you going? 3. Imperative Sentence (command/request): It gives a command, makes a request, or gives advice. o Example: Close the door. 4. Exclamatory Sentence (strong emotion): It expresses strong emotion and ends with an exclamation mark. o Example: What a beautiful day! Types of Sentences Based on Structure: 1. Simple Sentence: Contains one independent clause. o Example: She sings beautifully.
FOR MORE UPDATES VISIT https://notewiz.in/ 2. Compound Sentence: Contains two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction. o Example: I was tired, but I kept working. 3. Complex Sentence: Contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. o Example: Because it was raining, we stayed inside. 4. Compound-Complex Sentence: Contains two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. o Example: I like coffee, but my friend prefers tea because it tastes better to her. A sentence plays a crucial role in effective communication by organizing thoughts logically. 2. What are the differences between a phrase and a clause? Provide examples for each. A phrase is a group of words that acts as a unit within a sentence but does not contain both a subject and a predicate. A clause, on the other hand, is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate. Differences Between a Phrase and a Clause: Feature Phrase Clause Contains a subject and verb No Yes Can stand alone as a sentence No Independent clauses can Function Acts as a part of speech Forms a complete thought or a part of a sentence Examples of Phrases: 1. Noun Phrase: The black cat (acts as a noun) 2. Verb Phrase: is running fast (acts as a verb) 3. Prepositional Phrase: on the table (acts as an adverb/adjective) Examples of Clauses:
FOR MORE UPDATES VISIT https://notewiz.in/ 1. Independent Clause: She enjoys reading. (Can stand alone) 2. Dependent Clause: Because she enjoys reading (Needs an independent clause) Phrases add detail to sentences, while clauses help construct meaningful statements. 3. Identify the subjects in the following sentences: Sentence 1: The cat is sleeping on the mat. • Subject: The cat (The noun "cat" is the doer of the action.) Sentence 2: John and Mary went to the market. • Subject: John and Mary (This is a compound subject since it consists of two nouns.) The subject of a sentence is the part that tells us who or what the sentence is about. It can be a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase. 4. Explain the term 'predicate' with examples. The predicate is the part of a sentence that tells what the subject does or what happens to it. It contains the verb and any accompanying words that complete its meaning. Examples of Predicates: 1. The dog barked loudly. (The predicate is "barked loudly", as it tells what the subject "dog" did.) 2. She is reading a book. (The predicate is "is reading a book".) 3. John and Mary went to the market. (The predicate is "went to the market".) Predicates help convey action, state of being, or description related to the subject. 5. Provide examples of sentences using linking words such as 'however', 'therefore', and 'meanwhile'. Linking words (also called transition words) connect ideas and ensure smooth flow in writing.