Title Geography Part 4 - Human & Economy Geography.pdf ✅

Human & Economic Geography DELHI VN: 9717380832 & DELHI ORN: 9811293743 | JAIPUR: 8290800441 | BHOPAL: 7509975361| INDORE: 9893772941 | BENGALURU: 7619166663 | KOLKATA: 9007709895 | www.ksgindia.com Page 1 CONTENTS Section – A: Human Geography .................................3 Chapter – 1: Introduction to Human Geography............3 The Interaction Between Humans and the Physical Environment......................................................................3 The Evolution of Human-Environment Interaction ...........3 Neo-determinism: A Middle Path......................................3 Human Geography Through Time .....................................3 Fields and Sub-Fields of Human Geography......................3 The Interdisciplinary Nature of Human Geography ..........4 Chapter – 2: Population......................................................4 Population & Settlement...................................................4 Eastern Asia .......................................................................4 South Asia..........................................................................4 Europe ...............................................................................5 Population Distribution in the Three Southern Continents ...........................................................................................5 Ecumene of the Earth........................................................5 Factors Influencing the Distribution of World Population.6 World Population: Growth, Components of Population Change, and Trends in Population Growth .......................8 Components of Population Change...................................8 Trends in Population Growth ............................................9 Implications of Population Growth ...................................9 Population theory............................................................10 Concept of Overpopulation, Underpopulation, and Optimum Population.......................................................11 Demographic Transition Theory ......................................12 Population Pyramid Concept...........................................14 Population Distribution in India ......................................14 Population Growth in India .............................................16 Factors Influencing Population Growth in India ..............18 Impact of Population Growth in India .............................18 Problems Arising from Population Growth in India.........18 Demographic dividend ....................................................19 Chapter – 3: Migration......................................................21 Factors that influence migration .....................................21 Effects of migration .........................................................22 Scale at which migration occurs......................................23 Types of Migration ..........................................................23 World Migration Report..................................................23 Migration Trends in India ................................................24 Refugee Influx into India .................................................24 India's External Migration Trend .....................................25 Government of India's Initiatives for Overseas Indians...25 Chapter 4: Urbanisation ...................................................25 Meaning of urbanisation .................................................25 Terms related to Urban areas .........................................26 Significance of urbanisation in India................................26 Problems of urbanisation ................................................27 Steps taken by the government ......................................27 Chapter – 5: Ethnic groups & Tribes...............................28 Ethnic Groups in India......................................................28 Tribes in India ..................................................................28 Major Tribes of the World ...............................................30 Problems of Tribal Regions in India .................................31 Measures Taken to Protect Tribals..................................32 Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996 (PESA) ..............................................................................32 Section – B: Economic Geography ...........................32 Part 1- Primary Sector...............................................32 Chapter – 6: Agriculture and Allied Sectors.................. 32 Meaning of Primary Sector..............................................32 Agriculture .......................................................................33 Characteristics of Indian Agriculture ...............................33 Factors Determining Agriculture Suitability.....................34 Agro-Climatic Zones of India............................................35 Types of Farming .............................................................37 Cropping Pattern .............................................................39 Major Crops in India ........................................................42 Cropping seasons in India ................................................42 Food Crops of India..........................................................42 Agricultural revolutions...................................................51 Schemes for agriculture sector........................................56 Irrigation ..........................................................................57 Irrigation Projects............................................................59 Problems related to Irrigation in India.............................64 Livestock/Animal husbandry............................................65 Livestock Census..............................................................65 Livestock Population 2019...............................................66 Major livestock breeds in India........................................66 Steps taken by the Government for animal husbandry...66 Dairy Farming...................................................................67 Poultry farming................................................................67 Economics of Beekeeping ................................................68 Economics of Silkworm Rearing.......................................68 Fishery .............................................................................69 Chapter – 7: Mining.......................................................... 70 Methods of mining ..........................................................70 India's Gondwanan Heritage and Low Mining Sector Contribution to GDP ........................................................71 Distribution of mining in India .........................................71 Chapter – 8: Resources..................................................... 72 Types of natural resources ..............................................72 Mineral Resources of India ..............................................72 Distribution of Minerals...................................................73 Mineral Belts of India.......................................................73 Major and Minor Minerals...............................................74 Key Amendments to the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957........................75 Types of Mineral Resources.............................................75 Details of Mineral Resources...........................................75 Energy Resources.............................................................82 Non-Conventional Energy Sources ..................................86
Human & Economic Geography DELHI VN: 9717380832 & DELHI ORN: 9811293743 | JAIPUR: 8290800441 | BHOPAL: 7509975361| INDORE: 9893772941 | BENGALURU: 7619166663 | KOLKATA: 9007709895 | www.ksgindia.com Page 2 Part II- Secondary Sector ..........................................95 Chapter – 9: Industry ........................................................95 Meaning of Secondary sector..........................................95 Classification of industry .................................................95 Factors affecting the location of the industries...............96 Evolution of Industries in India........................................96 Industrial Development during Five Year Plans (FYP)......97 Major industrial regions in India .....................................98 Major Industrial Corridors in India ..................................98 Major industries in India..................................................99 Cotton textile industries..................................................99 Jute Textile Industry ......................................................102 Silk Textile Industry .......................................................103 Sugar Industry ...............................................................105 Iron and Steel Industry ..................................................107 Aluminium Industry.......................................................113 Cement Industry............................................................115 Automobile Industry......................................................117 Fertiliser Industry ..........................................................119 Petroleum refinery industry ..........................................120 Chemical Industry..........................................................121 Drug and Pharma Industry ............................................122 Part III-Tertiary Sector............................................ 123 Chapter – 10: Transport & Communication................ 123 Meaning of tertiary sector.............................................123 Transport & Communication .........................................124 Roadways.......................................................................124 National Highways.........................................................124 State highways...............................................................125 Railways.........................................................................128 Water Transport ............................................................132 Inland Water Transportation .........................................132 Shipping & ports............................................................135 Air Transport..................................................................138 Competitiveness and Complimentary Nature of different Modes of transport in India...........................................139 Pipeline Network ...........................................................139 Communication Infrastructure ......................................140 IT Sector.........................................................................141 Tourism..........................................................................143 Chapter – 11: International Trade ................................ 147 Factors Influencing international trade .........................147 International Trade Routes............................................148 WTO & Other regional blocks........................................150 India’s geographical location & International trade ......151 Challenges to international trade ..................................151 For Updated Materials Scan this