Title TỜ SỐ 07 TEST 02 UNIT 2 HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT.docx ✅

e. If we do this, we will get rid of the rubbish that is on the streets. f. By doing this, people will learn about how important recycling is. In addition, it would be a good idea to organise a clean-up day to collect rubbish. [Adapted from Bright workbook 10] A. d – c – b – e – a – f B. b – a – d – f – e – c C. a – b – d – c – f – e D. c – a – b – e – f -d Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22. Cleaning the Air... Air pollution is a major issue that has serious effects on our health. It is much worse in cities. (17) ____________. One city that is taking big steps to reduce air pollution is Birmingham. It wants to create a Clean Air Zone (18) ____________. It plans to do this by improving the public transport system. There are long-term plans over the next twenty years (19) ____________. Other plans are already in place. The city council is encouraging people to cycle more and only use their cars when there is more than one person in each vehicle. It is also introducing a programme to help people and businesses buy electric vehicles. The council (21) ____________. Their solutions aim to make traffic flow smoothly, so there are fewer traffic jams causing increased traffic fumes. The city centre will become a Clean Air Zone in June this year and people will have to pay to drive their cars here. This will reduce the amounts of nitrogen dioxide and make the air cleaner for the people who live and work there. The city is already on its way (22) ____________. [Adapted from Bright workbook 10] Question 18: A. Even though air pollution is often worse in rural areas, city air remains relatively clean B. Since people have become more aware of the environment, fewer cars are used in big cities C. Although some effective measures have been taken, more still need to be done D. If the government hadn’t introduced any rules, pollution would have been even worse Question 19: A. that will improve the air quality for everyone in the city B. with the purpose of enhancing environmental well-being among citizens C. as a means of tackling the serious problem of air pollution D. which is likely to result in better breathing conditions for urban dwellers Question 20: A. on including the development of bus routes, the construction of three new metro lines across the city, the addition of new train stations, and the improvement of railway lines in the future B. focusing on deploying a green transport network across the city, including the creation of metro lines, bus routes, and upgrading rail stations C. in which the city will consider using more fuel-efficient private vehicles rather than investing heavily in public infrastructure D. to build three new metro lines and create fast bus routes across the city as well as open new train stations and improve the railways lines Question 21: A. has also come up with ideas to help manage traffic B. is still developing policies that may address traffic problems C. had planned several projects but delayed them due to funding issues D. will soon implement strategies to cut down pollution from roads Question 22: A. of creating an atmosphere that people can enjoy and live in B. to making the air cleaner for its citizens and improving their health C. with the aim to improve the environmental quality in urban areas
D. in addressing problems related to traffic congestion and pollution Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 23 to 30. MapMaker: Human Footprint Earth’s human footprint measures the relationship between the human consumption of resources and the number of resources the Earth can supply. Explore our planet and see what areas are most or least impacted. Humans need food, shelter and water to survive. Our planet provides us the resources to help fulfill these needs and many more. But exactly how much of an impact are we making on our planet? And will we reach a point where Earth can no longer support our growing population? Just like a bank account tracks money spent and earned, the relationship between human consumption of resources and the number of resources Earth can supply, our human footprint, can be measured. Our human footprint can be calculated for an individual, town or country, and quantifies the intensity of human pressures on the environment. The Human Footprint map layer aims to do this by deriving a value representing the magnitude of the human footprint per one square kilometer (0.39 square miles) for every biome. This map layer was created by scientists with the Wildlife Conservation Society and Columbia University’s Human Footprint project to highlight where human pressures are most extreme in hopes to reduce environmental damage. The human footprint map asks the question, where are the least influenced, most “wild” parts of the world? The Human Footprint map was produced by combining nine global data layers that spatially visualize what is presumed to be the most prominent ways we influence the environment. These layers include human population pressure (population density), human land use and infrastructure (built-up areas, nighttime lights, land use/land cover), and human access (coastlines, roads, railroads, navigable rivers). Based on the amount of overlap between layers, each square kilometer value is scaled between one and 100 for each biome. Meaning that if an area in a Moist Tropical Forest biome scored a value of one, that square kilometer of land is part of the one percent least influenced/most wild area in its biome. Knowing this, we can help preserve the more wild areas in every biome, while also highlighting where to start mitigating human pressures in areas with high human footprints. [Adapted from https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/mapmaker-human-footprint/] Question 23: Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED as a method used to measure the human footprint in the passage? A. Nighttime lights B. Soil quality C. Roads and railroads D. Population density Question 24: What does the phrase “these needs” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Food, shelter, and water B. Population growth C. Environmental protection D. Human impact on the planet Question 25: What does the following sentence from paragraph 3 mean? "Our human footprint can be calculated for an individual, town or country, and quantifies the intensity of human pressures on the environment." A. Countries with large populations are always the ones with the highest footprint scores. B. Human environmental impact is measurable at both individual and broader levels. C. The human footprint can only be calculated accurately using advanced technology. D. Each person adds equally to the human footprint regardless of where they live. Question 26: The word “prominent” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to: A. surprising B. major C. invisible D. temporary Question 27: The word “mitigating” in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to: A. increasing B. reducing C. observing D. analyzing Question 28: Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. The humancos footprint is calculated only for countries to compare national environmental performance.