Title Unit -1 Introduction to Mobile and Mobile Programming.pdf ✅

1 Unit -1 Introduction to Mobile and Mobile Programming [2 Hrs] Mobile Device and its Features Mobile device is a general term for any handheld computer or smartphone. The term is interchangeable with 'handheld,' 'handheld device,' and 'handheld computer.' Tablets, e- readers, smartphones, PDAs and portable music players with smart capabilities are all mobile devices. It is a computer which is small enough to hold and operate in the hand. A mobile device has the following features: • It’s portable. • It’s personal. • It’s with you almost all the time. • It’s easy and fast to use. • It has some kind of network connection. i) Portable A mobile device has to be portable, meaning that we can carry it without any special considerations. We can take it to the gym, to the university, to work; we can carry it with us everywhere, all the time. ii) Personal We’ve all heard it: “Don’t touch my phone!” A mobile device is absolutely personal. My mobile is mine; it’s not property of the family, nor is it managed by the company who manufactured it. I choose the ringtone, the visual theme, the games and applications installed, and which calls I should accept. My wife has her own mobile device, and so do my kids. This personal feature will be very important in our projects. You can browse a desktop website from any computer—your familiar home PC, your computer at work, or even a desktop at a hotel or Internet café—and numerous people may have access to those machines. However, you will almost always browse a mobile website from the same device, and you are likely to be the only person who uses that device. iii) Companion Your mobile device can be with you anytime! Even in the bathroom, you probably have your mobile phone with you. You may forget to take lots of things with you from your home in the morning, but you won’t forget your wallet, your keys, and your mobile device. The opportunity to be with the user all the time, everywhere, is really amazing. iv) Easy usage A notebook (or even a netbook) is portable; it can be with you at any time and it has a network connection, but if you want to use it, you need to sit down and perhaps find a table. Therefore, it’s not a mobile device for the purposes of this book. A mobile device needs to be easy and quick to use. I don’t want to wait two minutes for Windows to start; I don’t want to sit down. If I’m walking downtown, I want to be able to find out when the next train will be departing without having to stop.
2 v) Connected device A mobile device should be able to connect to the Internet when you need it to. This can be a little difficult sometimes, so we will differentiate between fully connected devices that can connect any time in a couple of seconds and limited connected devices that usually can connect to the network but sometimes cannot. A classic iPod (non-Touch) doesn’t have a network connection, so it’s out of our list too, like the notebooks. Categories of Mobile Device There are several categories of mobile devices. Devices can be categorized on the basis of several parameters like size, speed, functionality, etc. Some of the categories are discussed below: i) Mobile Phones Those devices which have call and SMS support can be categorized as mobile phones. We still have mobile phones in some markets. They don’t have web browsers or connectivity, and they don’t have any installation possibilities. After some years, because of device recycling, such phones will probably not be on the market anymore. The Nokia 1100 was the most widely distributed device in the world, with over 200 million sold since its launch in 2003. In terms of features, it offers nothing but an inbuilt flashlight. The problem is that we can’t create web content for it. Some companies may continue to make very low-end entry devices in the future, but hopefully Nokia and most other vendors will stop creating this kind of device. Even newer, cheaper mobile devices now have inbuilt browser support. This is because the mobile ecosystem (vendors, carriers, integrators, and developers) wants to offer services to users, and a browser is the entry point. For example, through its OVI Services Nokia offers OVI Mail, an email service for non-Internet users in emerging markets. Thanks to this service, many, many people who have never before had access to email can gain that access, with a mobile device costing very low amount. This widespread solution meets a real need for many people in emerging markets, like some countries in Africa and Latin America. ii) Low-end mobile devices Low-end mobile devices have a great advantage: they have web support. They typically have only a very basic browser, but this is the gross market. People who buy these kinds of devices don’t tend to be heavy Internet users, but this may change quickly with the advent of social networks and Web 2.0 services. If your friends can post pictures from their mobile devices, you’ll probably want to do the same, so you may upgrade your phone whenever you can. Nokia, Motorola, Kyocera, LG, Samsung, and Sony Ericsson have devices for this market. They do not have touch support, have limited memory, and include only a very basic camera and a basic music player. iii) Mid-end mobile devices This is the mass-market option for a good mobile web experience. Mid-end devices maintain the balance between a good user experience and moderate cost. We can find a lot of devices in this market sector.

4 or even a pair of glasses. The LG GD910 in Figure 1-1 is a watch with 3G support. It’s on the market now, so it’s not sci-fi. “OK,” you may be thinking, “but are we really going to create a website for a one-inch screen?” Maybe not. But we can create small widgets to update information presented to the users, and this falls under the category of mobile web work. viii) Tablets, netbooks, and notebooks These devices have at minimum a nine-inch display, and they are more like desktops than mobile devices. Some have desktop operating systems and desktop browsers, while others, such as the iPad, have mobile software. If a device has a full operating system, you will need to install antivirus protection and a firewall on it, so it won’t meet the easy usage criterion for a mobile device. Also remember that you can’t use a netbook while walking. History of Mobile Devices Mobile phones, particularly the smartphones that have become our inseparable companions today, are relatively new. However, the history of mobile phones goes back to 1908 when a US Patent was issued in Kentucky for a wireless telephone. Mobile phones were invented as early as the 1940s when engineers working at AT&T developed cells for mobile phone base stations. The very first mobile phones were not really mobile phones at all. They were two-way radios that allowed people like taxi drivers and the emergency services to communicate. Instead of relying on base stations with separate cells (and the signal being passed from one cell to another), the first mobile phone networks involved one very powerful base station covering a much wider area. Motorola, on 3 April 1973 were first company to mass produce the first handheld mobile phone. These early mobile phones are often referred to as 0G mobile phones, or Zero Generation mobile phones. Most phones today rely on 3G or 4G mobile technology.