Title 17. BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES.pdf ✅

17. BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES 1. Which one of the following has the smallest diameter (a) Right primary bronchus (b) Left primary bronchus (c) Trachea (d) Respiratory bronchiole 2. Oxygen in lungs ultimately reaches in (a) Alveoli (b) Trachea (c) Bronchus (d) Bronchioles 3. Respiratory pigment in cockroach is (a) Haemozoin (b) Haemocyanin (c) Haemoglobin (d) Absent 4. In which of the following animals, respiration occurs without any respiratory organ (a) Fish (b) Frog (c) Cockroach (d) Earthworm 5. Which of the following is a respiratory organ of scorpion (a) Gill (b) Lung (c) Ctenidia (d) Book lung 6. During forced expiration, actively contracting muscles include the (a) Diaphragm (b) External intercostals (c) Abdominal muscles (d) Diaphragm and intestinal muscle 7. In which part gaseous exchange take place in rabbit (a) Trachea & alveolar duct (b) Trachea & bronchi (c) Alveolar duct & alveoli (d) Alveoli & tissues 8. Difference between trachea and fallopian tube is (a) Trachea is related with respiration where as fallopian tube is related with reproduction (b) Trachea is related with respiration and fallopian tube with excretion (c) Trachea is related with reproduction and fallopian tube with excretion (d) Trachea is related with reproduction and fallopian tube with respiration 9. Vocal cords are situated at (a) Pharynx (b) Larynx (c) Glottis (d) Bronchial tube 10. Carbon dioxide is transported via blood to lungs mostly (a) As carbamino haemoglobin and as carbonic acid (b) In the form of carbonic acid only (c) In combination with haemoglobin only (d) Dissolved in blood plasma 11. Which is a common passage in swallowing food and breathing (a) Larynx (b) Gullet (c) Glottis (d) Pharynx 12. In the terminal bronchiole which of the following is present (a) Mucous cells
(b) Columnar cells (c) Only elastic fibres (d) Elastic and reticular fibres 13. In human beings, lungs are divided into (a) 3 right and 2 left lobes (b) 2 right and 3 left lobes (c) 2 right and 2 left lobes (d) None of these 14. Largest cartilage in the form of a broad ring incomplete posteriorly is (a) Thyroid (b) Cricoid (c) Arytenoids (d) Cartilage of Santorini 15. The portion of the vestibule between true and false vocal cords is known as (a) Vocal pouch (b) Ventricle (c) Vocal sac (d) Vocal cord 16. The normal shape of diaphragm is (a) Flat (b) Dome-like (c) Spherical (d) Cone-like 17. Type of cartilage seen in tracheal wall is (a) Hyaline cartilage (b) Fibro-cartilage (c) Elastic cartilage (d) None of these 18. The exchange of gases in a mammal takes place in (a) Trachea (b) Bronchin (c) Bronchiole (d) Alveoli 19. Residual air in rabbit is found in (a) Nostrils (b) Trachea (c) Bronchus (d) Alveoli 20. Larynx is found in (a) Both frog and rabbit (b) Neither frog nor rabbit (c) Frog but not in rabbit (d) Rabbit but not in frog 21. The alveolar air has oxygen (a) 4% (b) 16% (c) 13.6% (d) 78% 22. The vital capacity of the lung signifies the volume of air (a) Breathed in during normal inspiration (b) Breathed out with forcible expiration (c) Breathed in with forcible inspiration (d) With deep inspiration and forcible expiration 23. Amount of air that remains always trapped in respiratory passage is called (a) Dead space (b) Dead volume (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Used air volume 24. The volume of air present in the lungs after forceful expiration is called as (a) Tidal volume (b) Residual air (c) Complementary air ( and ) O2 CO2
(d) None 25. The largest quantity of air that can be expired after a maximum inspiratory effort is (a) Residual volume (b) Tidal volume (c) Vital capacity of lung (d) Lung volume 26. The relative proportion between the volume of released and absorbed inrespiration is termed as (a) Respiratory exchange (b) Respiratory quotient (c) Respiratory phase (d) None of the above 27. Maximum expiratory volume is (a) 100 ml (b) 1000 ml (c) 1500 ml (d) 3000 ml 28. The vital capacity of lung is equal to (a) 4000 ml (b) 2200 ml (c) 1100 ml (d) 500 ml 29. Respiratory quotient (R.Q) is (a) (b) (c) (d) 30. The area of inner surface of bronchiole is (a) 1 m2 (b) 10 m2 (c) 100 m2 (d) 1000 m2 31. Capacity of human lung for air (a) 3000 ml (b) 1500 ml (c) 1000 ml (d) 500 ml 32. Oxy-haemoglobin dissociates into oxygen and deoxy-haemoglobin at (a) Low pressure in tissue (b) High pressure in tissue (c) Equal pressure inside and outside tissue (d) All times irrespective of pressure 33. In lungs, the air is separated from the venous blood through (a) Squamous epithelium + endothelium of blood vessel (b) Squamous epithelium + tunica media blood vessel (c) Transitional epithelium + tunica external blood vessel (d) None of these 34. The exchange of gases in the alveoli of the lungs takes place by (a) Osmosis (b) Simple diffusion (c) Passive transport (d) Active transport 35. Which of the following enzymes is absent in mitochondria (a) Aconitase (b) Maleic dehydrogenase (c) Hexokinase (d) None of these CO2 O2 2 2 O CO 2 2 CO O 2 2 CO N 2 2 N CO O2 O2 O2 O2
36. If concentration of is more the curve of oxygen will shift towards (a) Right (b) Left (c) Central (d) None of these 37. The respiratory substrate yielding maximum number of ATP molecules among the following is (a) Glycogen (b) Amylase (c) Ketogenic amino acid (d) Glucose 38. Division of mammalian lungs into a very large number of tiny alveoli around alveolar ducts opening into bronchioles, is (a) An inefficient system of ventilation of alveoli though with very little residual air (b) An inefficient system of ventilating the alveoli resulting in very high percentage of residual air in the lungs (c) A very efficient system of ventilating the alveoli with no residual air (d) An efficient system of ventilation of alveoli with little or no residual air 39. Anaerobic respiration in animals produces (a) and (b) and (c) Lactic acid and (d) Glucose and 40. Significance of Kreb’s cycle (a) Synthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation (b) Synthesis of amino acids (c) Synthesis of vitamins (d) Activates photosynthesis 41. Internal respiration takes place in (a) Chloroplast (b) Chromoplast (c) Mitochondria (d) All of these 42. Intra aortic balloon pump is inflated by (a) Hydrogen (b) Oxygen (c) Helium (d) Chlorine 43. Where does cellular respiration take place (a) Lysosomes (b) Ribosomes (c) Mitochondria (d) Endoplasmic reticulum 44. Kerb’s cycle takes place in (a) Mitochondria (b) Lysosome (c) Golgi body (d) Plastids 45. Pyruvic acid is converted into a compound before formation of oxaloacetic acid in the citric acid cycle, this compound is (a) Acetyl (b) Acetoacetic acid (c) Lactic acid (d) aconitic acid 46. Even when there is no air in it, the trachea in man does not collapse because of (a) Presence of chitinous rings (b) Presence of bony rings (c) Presence of cartilagenous rings (d) Turgid pressure 47. Who discovered tricarboxylic acid cycle (a) Watson and Crick (b) Kreb’s CO2 CO2 H2O C2H5OH CO2 H2O O2 CoA cis