Title 30. ACUTE AND CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE.pdf ✅

PHARMD GURU Page 1 ACUTE RENAL FAILURE INTRODUCTION: Acute renal failure or Acute kidney failure (AKF) occurs when kidneys suddenly become unable to filter waste products from blood. When kidneys lose their filtering ability, it results in accumulation of nitrogenous wastes and fluid and electrolyte imbalance. Acute renal failure is also called acute kidney injury (AKI). It develops rapidly over a few hours or a few days. EPIDEMIOLOGY: Acute kidney injury is common among hospitalized patients particularly in critically ill people who need intensive care. It affects some 3-7% of patients admitted to the hospital and approximately 25-30% of patients in the intensive care unit. CAUSES: Acute renal failure can occur when: 1) IMPAIRED BLOOD FLOW TO THE KIDNEYS: Diseases and conditions that may slow blood flow to the kidneys and lead to kidney failure include:  Blood or fluid loss.  Blood pressure medications.  Heart attack.  Heart disease.  Infection.  Liver failure.  Use of Aspirin, Ibuprofen and Naproxen.  Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis).  Severe burns.  Severe dehydration. ACUTE AND CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE