Title Unit 6.docx ✅

Unit 6: GLOBAL WARMING A. PHONETICS I. Read aloud the following questions with suitable intonation. Mark  for rising tone, or for  falling tone. 1. What is COP21? 2. Is it the 21 st Climate Conference in Paris? 3. Why is the Paris Climate Conference important? 4. Does it set the goal to enable us to limit global warming to below 2°C? 5. Does the Green Climate Fund reach about ten billion dollars? II. Practise reading aloud the following exchanges and mark A for rising tone, or for falling tone of the questions. 1. A: What causes global warming? B: Deforestation and industrial emissions results in an increase greenhouse gases around the earth’s atmosphere. 2. A: An increase greenhouse gases? B: These greenhouse gases trap and absorb heat and cause global warming. 3. A: Trap and absorb heat? B: If global warming continues, the world would be in danger. 4. A: To be in danger? B: Global warming is causing climate change, sea-level rise, and water imbalance. 5. A: How to prevent global warming? B: The problem of global warming can be controlled by minimizing the emission of greenhouse gases into the environment. 6. A: Minimizing the emission of greenhouse gases into the environment? B: We should follow some preventive steps to save the earth from harmful effects of global warming. B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR I. Match the words (1-5) with the nouns (A-E) to make compound nouns, write the answer in each blank, and then fill in the text with the correct compound nouns (6-10). 1. carbon A. warming 2. fossil B. countries 3. global C. dioxide 4. greenhouse D. effect 5. industrialized E. fuels The biggest threat to life on Earth comes from (6) ______________. Rich (7) ______________ in the West have been burning (8) ______________such as coal, oil and gas for about 150 years, throwing out large quantities of the (9) ______________into the atmosphere. The carbon dioxide traps the heat from the sun and causes the Earth and the atmosphere to get warmer. This is called the (10) ______________. The problem has been made worse by deforestation, the process of clearing forests in order to create croplands or cattle ranches. II. Fill in each blank with the correct word/phrase from the box. There are some extra. droughts famine sea life weather energy flooding extreme conditions forest The expected effects of global warming • A rise in sea levels, causing (1) ______________ in coastal areas.
• Higher sea surface temperatures, endangering (2) ______________. • The shrinking of glaciers, leading to a decrease in fresh water for rivers and less (3) ______________ production. • A loss of tropical forests, an increase in arid lands, more (4) ______________ fires, and a loss of animal and plant species. • A decrease in agricultural yields, leading to (5) ______________. III. Fill in each Hank in the passage with the correct word/phrase from the box. energy use endangered species carbon footprint climate change sea levels alternative sources greenhouse gases carbon emissions Why is global warming a problem? High levels of (1) ______________ in the atmosphere lead to (2) ______________. The oceans and seas are getting warmer and the polar ice caps are melting. This causes the rise in (3) ______________, which threatens low coastal regions and islands. Furthermore, the weather is becoming more unpredictable, with severe storms and floods, or unexpected droughts. Another effect of global warming is a rise in the number of (4) ______________. Many animals and plants could become extinct if their natural habitats are changed. What can we do about it? Scientists now agree that there is an urgent need to cut (5) ______________ across the world. Moreover, we need to develop (6) ______________ of energy, such as wind, wave or solar power. For individuals, being a vegetarian reduces your (7) ______________ (the amount of emissions caused one person’s lifestyle) because it can reduce (8) ______________. IV. Match the two parts to make complete sentences. Write the answer in each blank. 1. After Switzerland has developed hydropower, A. it caused a decrease of rainfall in the north and an increase in the south. 2. After students have called for powering every school in the district with clean energy, B. it creates a green, clean and beautiful landscape. 3. Because Soc Trang had suffered from heavy rain and floods, C. they can enjoy fresh air and have fewer respiratory diseases. 4. Because the El Nino phenomenon had impacted on the whole country, D. they made a serious effect on the environment. 5. After the school had asked the parents to contribute to the fund, E. it held a forum to discuss the issue with international organizations for long- term solutions. 6. After the organizers had launched the “Solutions for Environmental Pollutions” campaign, F. they received hundreds of practical projects. 7. After the Eco-village project has been carried out in Lao Cai Province for three years, G. it can rely much on hydroelectricity - a source of renewable energy. 8. Since people had used toxic chemicals in farming, H. it installed solar panels on the school roofs to harness solar power.
Rewrite the above sentences, using perfect participles. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. V. Combine the following sentences by completing the second sentences and using perfect gerunds. 1. It was said that the company had dumped hundreds of tons of waste into the river. But it denied that. The company 2. These big companies had invested in wind and solar energy. The government praised them for that. The government 3. The mining industry in this region has discharged most of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. It is responsible for that. The mining industry in this region is 4. The melting of polar ice has made the number of polar bears much smaller. Local people blame it for that. Local people blame 5. The local businesses haven’t developed clean technologies in recent years. The public criticizes them for that. The public criticizes C. READING Read the blog, and then do the tasks that follow. Global warming Every day, light from the sun warms the earth, causing it to release heat. Gases in the earth’s atmosphere - mostly carbon dioxide (CO2) - stop some of the heat from escaping into space so that the earth is kept warm. For the past 10,000 years, this heat was kept the earth at regular temperatures. However, over the past 100 years, scientists have noticed higher levels of carbon dioxide. More carbon dioxide means more heat, which means higher temperatures on Earth. We’ve already seen some consequences of global warming. Nine of the ten warmest years in history have occurred in the last fifteen years. Ground that has been frozen since the last Ice Age is melting. There are more hurricanes and disastrous storms than ever before. So, what do you think is causing global warming? What, if anything, should we do about it? Post your comment. Gloria: The earth is warmer by only 1 degree Fahrenheit. Talk to me when it’s 7 degrees warmer. Sam: Climate has changed many times in the history of our planet. It is only natural. Let’s not lose sleep over it, alright? Kris: I totally disagree! Climate change is natural, but what is happening today is not! Global warming is the fault of everyone who drives a car, flies on a plane, builds factories, and cuts trees. All of that creates more CO2. We must stop damaging our planet for future generations. We must urge our government leaders to control industries that harm the air. Winston: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported after reviewing the scientific research that it is more than 90% certain that humans are causing global warming. Gases from cars and factories are causing temperatures to rise. We need to do something before it’s too late!
Linda: 90% certain leaves 10% uncertain. The IPCC has lots of errors and is exaggerated. It isn’t only the cars and factories that are causing global warming. What about the changes in the sun’s brightness during its 11-year solar cycle? It causes temperatures to increase. Erupting volcanoes can produce lots of carbon dioxide, too. Task 1: Answer the questions. 1. What is global warming? 2. What are the effects of global warming? 3. What did the IPCC ’ s report say? 4. What are the two possible human causes of global warming? 5. What are the two possible natural causes of global warming? Task 2: Read the comments. Would the bloggers agree or disagree with the statement. Circle the correct answer. 6. Gloria would agree/ disagree with this statement: “Global warming is not a problem.” 7. Winston would agree/ disagree with this statement: “Global warming is a natural event.” 8. Sam would agree/ disagree with this statement: “Changes must be made to deal with global warming.” 9. Kris would agree/ disagree with this statement: “Global warming is caused by people.” 10. Linda would agree/ disagree with this statement: “IPCC is a reliable source for information about global warming.” II. Read the passage, and then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F). Consequences of Global Warming on Wildlife Increasing global temperatures are expected to harm ecosystems, pushing extinction to those species that cannot adapt. The first comprehensive assessment of the extinction risk from global warming found that more than 1 million species could be extinct by 2050 if the current rate continues. A recent study of nearly 2,000 species of plants and animals discovered movement toward the poles at an average rate of 3.8 miles per decade. The latest climate change report found that approximately 20 to 30 percent of plant and animal species assessed so far are likely to be at increased risk of extinction if global average temperature increases by more than 2.7 to 4.5 degrees Fahrenheit. Some polar bears are drowning because they have to swim longer distances to reach ice floes. The U. S. Geological Survey has predicted that two-thirds of the world's polar bear populations will be extinct by the mid-century due to melting of the Arctic ice cap. The ocean will continue to become more acidic due to carbon dioxide emissions. Because of this acidification, species with hard calcium carbonate shells are vulnerable, as are coral reefs, which are vital to ocean ecosystems. Scientists predict that a 3.6 degree Fahrenheit increase in temperature would wipe out 97 percent of the world's coral reefs. T F 1. A large number of species are at risk of extinction due to global warming.   2. The latest climate change report found that 2,000 species of plants and animals are likely to be at increased risk of extinction if global average temperature increases by more than 2.7 to 4.5 degrees Fahrenheit.   3. Some polar bears are drowning because they have to travel farther to come to their natural habitat.  