Title Islamic jurisprudence part 2 question No 2 Muslim school of thoughts..pdf ✅

ALVI LAW ASSOCIATES 0313-4384159 Regards: Wajeeh Ahsan Alvi (M.A, LLB, DTL) Contact No: 0313-4384159 NOTE: These notes are the intellectual property of ALVI LAW ASSOCIATES by WAJEEH AHSAN ALVI not for sale not for Re-forward if anyone found in any of above activity will responsible for the consequences. If you are going to study these Notes, I’ll recommend you to take lecture of these questions for better understanding and concept building then you will be better able to understand the question and answer accordingly. All lectures and important stuff is available on my YouTube channel. Channel name Alvi Law Associates. For free notes and lectures series WhatsApp only. Here is the playlist of all lectures of ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE for LLB part 02 you can watch lecture of this question from here. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dx-SDx2h5rQ&list=PLXTPClsX2hdDAJXE- FPkRXeZKXLnvAIPB&pp=iAQB Question # 02: Write a detailed note on different Muslim Schools of thoughts? OR Explain briefly the role of early Muslim jurists in compilation and codification of Islamic legal system? 1. INTRODUCTION: The Muslim world is characterized by a rich diversity of interpretations and schools of thought that have emerged over centuries. These schools of thoughts reflect different approaches to interpreting and applying Islamic teachings. Muslim schools of thought are like different flavors of ice cream, each with its unique taste. Sunni and Shia are the main types,
having small differences in how they practice Islam. Inside these, there are different schools that focus on specific aspects. It's like having various toppings on the same dessert, making Islam colorful and diverse. 2. MEANINGS: Muslim schools of thought are diverse religious interpretations within Islam, shaping beliefs and practices. Major branches include Sunni and Shia, each with distinct theological and legal perspectives. 3. DEFINITION: “Muslim schools of thought, or Madhabs, refer to distinct legal and theological traditions within Islam.” 4. SIGNIFICANCE: The Islamic school of thoughts provide a framework for understanding and interpreting Islamic teachings, helping Muslims navigate various aspects of life, including rituals, ethics, and social interactions. 5. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF MUSLIM SCHOOL OF THOUGHTS: The Muslim school of thought has diverse branches, but two main groups emerged after Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) death and they are Sunni and Shia. • Sunni: Followers of the Sunnah (traditions) of Prophet Muhammad. They believe in choosing the Caliph (leader) through consensus or election. • Shia: They believe leadership should be in the hands of Prophet Muhammad's descendants, specifically through Ali, his cousin and son-in-law. There are various Shia sects with different beliefs about the rightful leaders (Imams). These divisions trace back to early disagreements over leadership, and they continue to shape Islamic theology and practice today. 6. MAJOR FIGURES:
Scholars such as Imam Abu Hanifa, Imam Malik, Imam Shafi'i, and Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal played crucial roles in shaping the Muslim school of thoughts. 7. MAJOR SCHOOL OF THOUGHTS: There are primarily four major Sunni Muslim schools of thoughts. • Hanafi: ✓ Founder: Imam Abu Hanifa. ✓ Region: Predominant in Turkey, the Balkans, Central Asia, Indian subcontinent and Pakistan. • Maliki: ✓ Founder: Imam Malik ibn Anas. ✓ Region: Mainly followed in North and West Africa, parts of the Arabian Peninsula. • Shafi'i: ✓ Founder: Imam Al-Shafi'i. ✓ Region: Prevalent in East Africa, Southeast Asia, parts of the Arabian Peninsula. • Hanbali: ✓ Founder: Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal. ✓ Region: Mainly followed in Saudi Arabia and some parts of the Arabian Peninsula. It's important to note that Shia Islam has its own distinct school of thought known as the Ja'fari school, predominantly followed by Shia Muslims. 8. ROLE OF FOUR MUSLIM SCHOOL OF THOUGTHS IN THE CODIFICATION OF ISLAMIC LAW: • Hanafi School: Role: Provided flexible reasoning, key in codifying Islamic law. Emphasized qiyas (analogical reasoning) and istihsan (juristic preference).
• Maliki School: Role: Integrated local customs into codification, adapting Islamic law to diverse regional contexts. Emphasized traditions of the Medina community. • Shafi'i School: Role: Introduced systematic legal approach, emphasizing reliance on Qur'an and Hadith. Brought in the concept of qiyas (analogical reasoning). • Hanbali School: Role: Contributed a purist approach, emphasizing strict adherence to Qur'an and Hadith. Resisted excessive reliance on analogy, preserving original Islamic teachings. 9. SALIENT FEATURES OF FOUR MUSLIM SCHOOL OF THOUGHTS: I. HANFI: The Hanafi school of thought is one of the four major Sunni Islamic schools of jurisprudence. Here are some salient features in simple terms: • Jurisprudence (Fiqh): Hanafi jurisprudence is known for its rational approach and flexibility in interpreting Islamic law (Sharia). It gives importance to reason and analogy in legal reasoning. • Sources of Law: Besides the Quran and Hadith (sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad), Hanafis consider consensus (ijma) and reasoning (qiyas) as important sources of Islamic law. • Flexibility: Hanafi school is known for its flexibility in adapting to new situations. It allows for the consideration of local customs and traditions. • Prayer Positions: In matters of prayer, Hanafis follow a specific method for hand positioning and allow folding hands during prayer, which differs from other Sunni schools.