Title NCM 113 RLE SEMI FI ✅

NCM 113 RLE Semi Fi BY TONS and MADS ◆ All children 6 months should receive 100,000 IU ◆ 200,000 IU q6months after up to age of 59 months. ➔ Two colors of vitamin A: ◆ BLUE - 100,000 IU, for children 6 - 11 months ◆ RED - 200,000 IU 12 months to 5 years old ➔ Observe administration precautions (overdosage=problem) ◆ Before giving vitamin, ask 2 questions: ● Is child >6 months. If yes, ask 2nd question. ● Has child had dose of vit A in the past 6 months? ◆ Check clinical record date when vit A was last given. If child is >6 months and has not had a dose of vitamin A in past six months, give single dose, ◆ Child may develop vomiting, Headaches, nausea after. Reassure symptoms will disappear w/in 24hrs Assess Other Problems: Identify and treat any other problems according to Health Center policy. Refer child for any problem you cannot manage in the Health Center Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) ➢ established in 1976 to ensure infants/children and mothers have access to routinely recommended infant/childhood vaccines ➢ Vaccines under the EPI are: ○ BCG and Hepatitis B birth dose ○ Oral Poliovirus Vaccine ○ Pentavalent Vaccine ○ Measles Containing Vaccines (Anti-measles, MMR) ○ Tetanus Toxoid ○ Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 13 (2014) ➢ Program Goals of EPI ○ Over-all Goal: To reduce morbidity and mortality among children against most common vaccine preventable diseases ○ Specific Goal: ■ immunize all infants/children against the most common vaccine-preventable diseases; ■ sustain polio-free status of the Philippines; ■ eliminate measles infection; ■ eliminate maternal and neonatal tetanus and other immunizable diseases. ■ prevent extra pulmonary tuberculosis among children. ➢ To achieve the overall EPI goal, the following laws mandate of protecting children through immunization to DOH and LGUs ○ RA 10152 - Mandatory Infants and children Health Immunization Act of 2011 ■ mandates basic immunization covering vaccine preventable diseases ○ RA 7846 - Compulsory immunization against hepatitis B for infants and children <8 years old ■ Hep B immunization within 24 hours after birth of babies of women with hepatitis B. ➢ Program Target: Achieve 95% Fully Immunized Child (FIC) Coverage. ○ FIC when a child receives before first birthday: ■ 1 dose of BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guerin for TB) ■ 3 doses of OPV (Oral polio vaccine) ■ 3 doses of DPT (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis) ■ 3 doses HepB (vaccine-preventable liver infection) ■ 1 dose measles vaccine (measles mumps rubella) ➢ Program Strategies: ○ Routine immunizations for infants/children & women - adapted from WHO and UNICEF Reaching every district 2004, which aims to improve the access to routine immunization and reduce dropout ○ Supplemental immunization Activities (SIA) - to reach children who have not been vaccinated or have not developed sufficient immunity after previous vaccinations, conducted either national or subnational in selected areas. Health care workers conduct house to house campaign in immunizing vulnerable children. ○ Vaccine-Preventable Disease Surveillance - for eradication or elimination efforts in identifying cases of measles and indigenous poliovirus fTypes of Vaccines 1.Live attenuated (weakened) - contains modified strains such as bacteria or viruses that have been weakened but are able to multiply within the body and remain antigenic enough to induce strong immune response. OPV and BCG 2.Killed inactivated - bacteria/viruses killed/inactivated by chemical treatment or heat. HepB and Pentavalent Immunization ➢ essential intervention for children and women ➢ available in all health facilities and institutions providing health services of women and children nationwide. health care services offered in every barangay health centers ➢ Usually every Wednesday is designated and is adopted in all parts of the country unless otherwise revised by local traditions, customs and other exceptions. EPI Vaccines I. BCG - live vaccine. A. against PTB (highly communicable respiratory infection), TB meningitis B. Ideally right after or anytime after birth with first dose of hepB vaccine or within week after discharge (bring the baby to the nearest Health Center) 3