Title Internal Security - Final.pdf ✅

UPSC MAINS GS - III (Study Material) Internal Security
THE UNIQUE ACADEMY 1 Table of Content SYLLABUS AND IMPORTANCE OF INTERNAL SECURITY ......................................................................................... 4 SYLLABUSOF INTERNAL SECURITY FOR CSE MAINS EXAMINATION ..................................................................... 4 IMPORTANCE OF INTERNAL SECURITY FOR CSE MAINS EXAMINATION ............................................................... 4 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION AND BASICS OF SECURITY........................................................................................ 5 INTRODUCTION TO NATIONAL SECURITY ........................................................................................................... 5 ASPECTSOF SECURITY........................................................................................................................................ 5 THREATS TO INDIA’S SECURITY........................................................................................................................... 6 FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SECURITY CHALLENGES.................................................. 7 MEASURESNEED TO BE TAKEN FOR STRENGTHENING INDIA’S SECURITY............................................................ 8 GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES AND POLICY MEASURES........................................................................................... 9 IMPORTANT INSTITUTIONS IN INDIA TO STRENGTHEN INTERNAL SECURITY........................................................ 9 INTERNAL SECURITY DOCTRINE........................................................................................................................ 10 HYBRIDITY IN WARFARE................................................................................................................................... 11 INDIA’S NUCLEAR DOCTRINE............................................................................................................................ 11 CHAPTER 2. LINKAGES BETWEEN DEVELOPMENT AND SPREAD OF EXTREMISM ................................................ 14 VARIOUS FORM OF EXTREMISM....................................................................................................................... 14 LINKAGES BETWEEN DEVELOPMENT AND SPREADOF EXTREMISM................................................................... 14 LEFT WING EXTREMISM (LWE)......................................................................................................................... 15 ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OFNAXALISM IN INDIA ............................................................................................. 15 THE DYNAMICSOFMAOIST INSURGENCY......................................................................................................... 16 LWE AFFECTED AREAS (RED CORRIDOR)........................................................................................................... 17 CAUSES AND FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR SPREADOF LWE............................................................................... 18 FACTORS SUSTAINING THE NAXALMOVEMENT ............................................................................................... 19 URBAN MAOISM/NAXALISM............................................................................................................................ 20 GOVERNMENTOF INDIA’S APPROACH ............................................................................................................. 20 GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES AND PROGRAMS ................................................................................................... 21 14 POINTS POLICY TO DEAL WITH NAXALISM.................................................................................................... 22 DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACHTOWARDS LWE.................................................................................................. 23 SPECIAL FORCES ANDOPERATIONS.................................................................................................................. 23 OPERATIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR COUNTERING NAXALISM ................................................................. 24 PREVIOUS YEARQUESTIONS (MAINS)............................................................................................................... 25 CHAPTER 3. ROLE OF EXTERNAL STATE AND NON-STATE ACTORS IN CREATING CHALLENGES TO INTERNAL SECURITY............................................................................................................................................................. 26 STATE ACTORS INFLUENCING THE INTERNAL SECURITYOF INDIA...................................................................... 26 CHALLENGESCREATED BY NON-STATE ACTORS................................................................................................ 27 WAY AHEAD..................................................................................................................................................... 28 INSURGENCY INNORTHEAST........................................................................................................................... 29 MILITANCY INJAMMU AND KASHMIR .............................................................................................................. 34 ARMED FORCES (SPECIAL POWERS) ACT (AFSPA), 1958 .................................................................................... 37 PREVIOUS YEARQUESTION (MAINS) ................................................................................................................ 39 CHAPTER 4. ROLE OF MEDIA AND SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES IN INTERNAL SECURITY CHALLENGES................ 40 FACTS AND FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................ 40 SIGNIFICANCE OF MEDIA AND SOCIAL MEDIA................................................................................................... 40 ROLEOF SOCIAL MEDIA ................................................................................................................................... 41 BENEFITSOF SOCIAL MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS..................................................................... 41 CHALLENGES TO INTERNAL SECURITY THROUGH COMMUNICATION NETWORKS ............................................. 42 STEPS TAKEN BYGOVERNMENT....................................................................................................................... 42
THE UNIQUE ACADEMY 2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE FRAMEWORKS ............................................... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. EXISTING REGULATIONS AND RESTRICTIONS.................................................................................................... 43 ROLEOF SOCIAL MEDIA INDEMOCRACY .......................................................................................................... 44 PREVIOUS YEARSQUESTIONS (MAINS)............................................................................................................. 44 CHAPTER 5. BASICS OF CYBER SECURITY............................................................................................................. 45 CONCEPTOF CYBER SECURITY.......................................................................................................................... 45 COMPONENTSOF CYBER SECURITY.................................................................................................................. 45 VULNERABILITIESOF INDIA TO CYBER THREATS................................................................................................ 45 TYPESOF CYBER THREATS................................................................................................................................ 46 TOOLSOF CYBER-CRIMES................................................................................................................................. 47 CYBER-ATTACKS............................................................................................................................................... 47 METHODSOF CYBER-ATTACKS......................................................................................................................... 48 TYPESOF CYBER-ATTACKS................................................................................................................................ 48 IMPORTANCEOF CYBER SECURITY FOR INDIA................................................................................................... 49 CRITICAL INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE (CII)............................................................................................... 50 CHALLENGES FOR INDIA’S CYBER SECURITY...................................................................................................... 50 NATIONAL CYBER SECURITY INITIATIVES .......................................................................................................... 51 GLOBAL INITIATIVES......................................................................................................................................... 53 EXAMPLESOF BEST PRACTICES ........................................................................................................................ 54 NATIONAL CYBER SECURITY POLICY (NSCP) 2013: AIM, OBJECTIVES, KEY PROVISIONS AND STRATEGIES ........... 54 NATIONAL CYBER SECURITY STRATEGY 2020 .................................................................................................... 55 WAY FORWARD............................................................................................................................................... 56 CHAPTER 6. MONEY-LAUNDERING AND ITS PREVENTION .................................................................................. 59 STAGESOF MONEY LAUNDERING..................................................................................................................... 59 AVENUESOF MONEY LAUNDERING.................................................................................................................. 59 IMPACTSOF MONEY LAUNDERING .................................................................................................................. 60 CHALLENGES INCOMBATING MONEY LAUNDERING......................................................................................... 61 WAY FORWARD............................................................................................................................................... 62 2ND ARC RECOMMENDATIONSON PREVENTION OF MONEY LAUNDERING...................................................... 63 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK TO COMBATMONEY LAUNDERING.................................................................... 63 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK TO COMBAT MONEY LAUNDERING......................................................................... 64 INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND CO-ORDINATION TOCOMBAT MONEY LAUNDERING.............................. 64 RECOMMENDATIONSOF FATF TO COMBAT MONEY LAUNDERING................................................................... 65 PREVENTION OFMONEY LAUNDERING (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2012 ................................................................... 66 FINANCIAL ACTION TASK FORCE (FATF)............................................................................................................ 67 FAKE INDIAN CURRENCY NOTES (FICN)............................................................................................................. 67 MENACEOF BLACKMONEY.............................................................................................................................. 68 CHAPTER 7. SECURITY CHALLENGES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT IN BORDER AREAS........................................... 71 BORDER MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................................................. 71 AIMS ANDOBJECTIVESOF BORDER MANAGEMENT ......................................................................................... 72 COMMON CHALLENGES ACROSS INDIAN BORDERS.......................................................................................... 72 INDIA-CHINA BORDER...................................................................................................................................... 72 INDO-PAKISTAN BORDER................................................................................................................................. 74 INDO-BANGLADESH BORDER ........................................................................................................................... 76 INDO-NEPAL BORDER ...................................................................................................................................... 78 INDO-BHUTAN BORDER................................................................................................................................... 79 INDO-MYANMAR BORDER ............................................................................................................................... 80 GOVERNMENT’S RESPONSE TO THE BORDER CHALLENGE ................................................................................ 81 DEPARTMENTOF BORDERMANAGEMENT....................................................................................................... 82 BORDER REGULATION MEASURES.................................................................................................................... 83 THE COMPREHENSIVE INTEGRATED BORDER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (CIBMS)................................................. 84
THE UNIQUE ACADEMY 3 COMMITTEESONBORDER MANAGEMENT ...................................................................................................... 84 COASTAL SECURITYOF INDIA ........................................................................................................................... 85 SECURING THE COASTS AND ISLAND TERRITORIES............................................................................................ 86 MARITIME SECURITY CHALLENGES................................................................................................................... 87 STEPS TAKEN BYGOVERNMENT FOR COASTAL SECURITY.................................................................................. 87 ISSUES REMAINING INCOASTAL SECURITY ....................................................................................................... 88 UTILIZING TECHNOLOGY IN BORDER MANAGEMENT........................................................................................ 88 COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION INBORDER MANAGEMENT: SIGNIFICANCE AND WAY AHEAD............................. 89 CHAPTER 8. LINKAGES BETWEEN ORGANISED CRIME AND TERRORISM ............................................................. 92 FEATURESOFORGANISED CRIME..................................................................................................................... 92 VARIANTSOF TERRORISM BY SECOND ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS COMMISSION (ARC).................................. 93 FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THEGROWTHOFORGANIZED CRIME AND TERRORISM ....................................... 94 OBSERVATIONSOFGLOBAL TERRORISM INDEX (GTI), 2023 .............................................................................. 95 VARIOUS ISSUES AND CHALLENGES.................................................................................................................. 95 STEPS NEEDS TO BE TAKEN............................................................................................................................... 96 LINKAGES BETWEENORGANIZED CRIME WITH TERRORISM.............................................................................. 97 SOURCESOF TERROR FINANCING..................................................................................................................... 99 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ........................................................................ 99 26/11 AND AFTERMATH................................................................................................................................... 99 OBSERVATIONSOF SECOND ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS COMMISSION (ARC) ............................................... 100 UN CONVENTION AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANISED CRIME (UNTOC).................................................... 100 LONE WOLF ATTACKS..................................................................................................................................... 101 CHAPTER 9. VARIOUS SECURITY FORCES AND THEIR MANDATE....................................................................... 103 SECURITY FORCES DEALING WITHEXTERNAL THREATS................................................................................... 103 SECURITY FORCES DEALING WITHINTERNAL THREATS ................................................................................... 103 RANKSOF CAPF.............................................................................................................................................. 104 VARIOUS FORCESUNDER CENTRAL ARMED POLICE FORCE (CAPF).................................................................. 104 CONTRIBUTION OF PARAMILITARY FORCES.................................................................................................... 109 ISSUES AND CHALLENGES BEING FACED BY ARMED FORCES IN INDIA ............................................................. 109 SUGGESTIONS ANDWAY AHEAD.................................................................................................................... 110 KEY RECOMMENDATIONS BY RAJYA SABHA PANEL......................................................................................... 110 IMPORTANT SPECIAL FORCES......................................................................................................................... 111 FINANCIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ENFORCEMENT.............................................................................................. 111 INTELLIGENCE AND INVESTIGATIVE AGENCIES................................................................................................ 111