Title Chapter - 3.pdf ✅

Chapter:3 Programming The Basic Computer
Define the following : • Program: A program is a list of instructions or statements for directing the computer to perform a required data-processing task. • Categories of programs: • Binary code : This is a sequence of instructions and operands in binary that list the exact representation of instructions as they appear in computer memory. • Octal or hexadecimal code : This is an equivalent translation of the binary code to octal or hexadecimal representation. • Symbolic code: The user employs symbols (letters, numerals, or special characters) for the operation part, the address part, and other parts of the instruction code. • This translation is done by a special program called an assembler. Because an assembler translates the symbols, this type of symbolic program is referred to as an assembly language program.
4) High-level programming languages: • These are special languages developed to reflect the procedures used in the solution of a problem rather than be concerned with the computer hardware behavior. • An example of a high-level programming language is Fortran. • The program that translates a high level language program to binary is called a compiler.