Title ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ TRẠI HÈ HÙNG VƯƠNG LẠNG SƠN LỚP 11 2024.pdf ✅

1 SỞ GD&ĐT LẠNG SƠN TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN CHU VĂN AN ĐỀ THI ĐỀ XUẤT Đề thi gồm có 18 trang ĐỀ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI TRẠI HÈ HÙNG VƯƠNG NĂM 2024 ĐỀ THI MÔN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút (Không kể thời gian giao đề) I. LISTENING (50/200) Part 1. Complete the notes below by filling in NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS in each gap to complete the notes. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (10 pts) Ocean Biodiversity Biodiversity hotspots • areas containing many different species • important for (1) _______ locating key areas _______ for conservation • at first only identified on land Boris Worm, 2005 • identified hotspots for large ocean predators, e.g. sharks • found that ocean hotspots: – did not always have (2) ________ high concentration ______ of food. – had (3) _______ relatively high temperatures _______ at the surface – had sufficient oxygen (4) _______ high metabolic rate _______ • recognised two factors necessary to support the high metabolic rate of these large fish Lisa I, 2007 • looked for hotspots for (5) _______ marine mammals _______ like seals • found these were all located where ocean currents meet Census of Marine Life • found large number of ocean species: – live under the ice, which stunned other researchers – congregate around volcanoes on the ocean floor because of (6) _______ warmth and nutrients _______ Global Marine Species Assessment • want to list endangered ocean species, considering: – population size – (7) _______ geographical distribution _______ – rate of decline • Aim: to assess 20,000 species and make a (8) ________ distribution map ______ for each one Recommendations to retain ocean biodiversity
2 • increase the number of ocean reserves • establish (9) _______ migration corridors/ corridors for migration _______ (e.g. for turtles) • reduce fishing quotas • catch fish only for the purpose of consumption with (10) _______ (more) selective equipment _______ used by commercial fishing boats TRANSCRIPT I’ve been looking at ocean biodiversity, that’s the diversity of species that live in the world’s oceans. About 20 years ago biologists developed the idea of what they called ‘biodiversity hotspots’. These are the areas which have the greatest mixture of species, so one example is Madagascar. These hotspots are significant because they allow us to locate key areas for focusing efforts at conservation. Biologists can identify hotspots on land, fairly easily, but until recently, very little was known about species distribution and diversity in the oceans, and no one even knew if hotspots existed there. Then a Canadian biologist called Boris Worm did some research in 2005 on data on ocean species that he got from the fishing industry. Worm located five hotspots for large ocean predators like sharks, and looked at what they had in common. The main thing he’d expected to find was that they had very high concentrations of food, but to his surprise that was only true for four of the hotspots – the remaining hotspot was quite badly off in that regard. But what he did find was that in all cases, the water at the surface of the ocean had relatively high temperatures, even when it was cool at greater depths, so this seemed to be a factor in supporting a diverse range of these large predators. However, this wasn’t enough on its own, because he also found that the water needed to have enough oxygen in it – so these two factors seemed necessary to support the high metabolic rate of these large fish. A couple of years later, in 2007, a researcher called Lisa Ballance, who was working in California, also started looking for ocean hotspots, but not for fish – what she was interested in was marine mammals, things like seals. And she found three places in the oceans which were hotspots, and what these had in common was that these hotspots were all located at boundaries between ocean currents, and this seems to be the sort of place that has lots of the plankton that some of these species feed on. So now people who want to protect the species that are endangered need to get as much information as possible. For example, there’s an international project called the Census of Marine Life. They’ve been surveying oceans all over the world, including the Arctic. One thing they found there which stunned other researchers was that there were large numbers of species which live below the ice – sometimes under a layer up to 20 metres thick. Some of these species had never been seen before. They’ve even found species of octopus living in these conditions. And other scientists working on the same project, but researching very different habitats on the ocean floor, have found large numbers of species congregating around volcanoes, attracted to them by the warmth and nutrients there.
3 However, biologists still don’t know how serious the threat to their survival is for each individual species. So a body called the Global Marine Species Assessment is now creating a list of endangered species on land, so they consider things like the size of the population – how many members of one species there are in a particular place – and then they look at their distribution in geographical terms, although this is quite difficult when you’re looking at fish, because they’re so mobile, and then thirdly they calculate the rate at which the decline of the species is happening. So far only 1,500 species have been assessed, but they want to increase this figure to 20,000. For each one they assess, they use the data they collect on that species to produce a map showing its distribution. Ultimately they will be able to use these to figure out not only where most species are located but also where they are most threatened. So finally, what can be done to retain the diversity of species in the world’s oceans? Firstly, we need to set up more reserves in our oceans, places where marine species are protected. We have some, but not enough. In addition, to preserve species such as leatherback turtles, which live out in the high seas but have their nesting sites on the American coast we need to create corridors for migration, so they can get from one area to another safely. As well as this, action needs to be taken to lower the levels of fishing quotas to prevent overfishing of endangered species. And finally, there’s the problem of by-catch. This refers to the catching of unwanted fish by fishing boats – they’re returned to the sea, but they’re often dead or dying. If these commercial fishing boats used equipment which was more selective, so that, only the fish wanted for consumption were caught, this problem could be overcome. OK. So does anyone have any... Part 2. Listen to the talk with the new staff who haven’t been involved with the volunteering projects and answer the following questions. USE NO MORE THAN FOUR WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. Write your answer in the spaces provided. (10 pts) 1. How much time for volunteering does the company allow per employee? Eight/8 hours per year 2. What did some staff do to help unemployed people last year? Communication skills 3. What will the company do with a local park this year? A new volunteering project 4. Where will the Digital Inclusion Day be held? At a college 5. What should staff do if they want to take part in the Digital Inclusion Day? fill in a form TRANSCRIPT Thanks for coming everyone. OK, so this meeting is for new staff who haven’t been involved with our volunteering projects yet. So basically, the idea is that we allow staff to give up some of their work time to help on various charity projects to benefit the local community. We’ve been doing this for the last five years and it’s been very successful.
4 Participating doesn’t necessarily involve a huge time commitment. The company will pay for eight hours of your time. That can be used over one or two days all at once or spread over several months throughout the year. There are some staff who enjoy volunteering so much they also give up their own free time for a couple of hours every week. It’s completely up to you. Obviously, many people will have family commitments and aren’t as available as other members of staff. Feedback from staff has been overwhelmingly positive. Because they felt they were doing something really useful, nearly everyone agreed that volunteering made them feel more motivated at work. They also liked building relationships with the people in the local community and felt valued by them. One or two people also said it was a good thing to have on their CVs. One particularly successful project last year was the Get Working Project. This was aimed at helping unemployed people in the area get back to work. Our staff were able to help them improve their telephone skills, such as writing down messages and speaking with confidence to potential customers, which they had found quite difficult. This is something many employers look for in job applicants – and something we all do without even thinking about, every day at work. We’ve got an exciting new project starting this year. Up until now, we’ve mainly focused on projects to do with education and training. And we’ll continue with our reading project in schools and our work with local charities. But we’ve also agreed to help out on a conservation project in Radferm Park. So if any of you fancy being outside and getting your hands dirty, this is the project for you. I also want to mention the annual Digital Inclusion Day, which is coming up next month. The aim of this is to help older people keep up with technology. And this year, instead of hosting the event in our training facility, we’ve using the ICT suite at Hill College, as it can hold far more people. We’ve invited over 60 people from the Silver Age Community Centre to take part, so we’ll need a lot of volunteers to help with this event. If you’re interested in taking part, please go to the volunteering section of our website and complete the relevant form. We won’t be providing any training for this but you’ll be paired with an experienced volunteer if you’ve never done it before. By the way, don’t forget to tell your manager about any volunteering activities you decide to do. Part 3. You will hear a woman talking about her visit to South Africa. Listen and decide whether it is T/ F/ or NOT GIVEN. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (10 pts) 1. Her husband has some relatives who emigrated a long time ago. F 2. Her father had left Johannesburg before he was 10 years old. T 3. Their son is very good at sports. NG 4. In the end they decided not to use the tour organized by a company called Safari Holidays. T