Nội dung text Animal Husbandry Part-13.pdf
www.iaritoppers.in Whatsapp : +91-9694095242 Page | 1 Animal Husbandry 5 th Edition 2024
www.iaritoppers.in Whatsapp : +91-9694095242 Page | 2 Swine Husbandry Industry status: 1. Primitive 2. Poor quality meat and low aesthestic value of meat produced. Advantages: High Prolificacy: 6-12 no./litter FCR – 1 : 2.5 – 3 Short generation interval – 2 farrowings / year More quantity of meat/unit weight More energy / unit weight High meat : Bone ratio Easily adapted to integrated or mixed farming system. Successfully maintained on discarded feed, garden waste and kitchen waste. High dressing percentage High growth rate: 10 Kg./month Early maturity: 9-10 month of age Early puberty: 5-8 months Length of oestrus cycle: 21 days Oestrus period: 2-4 days Service: 2nd /3rd day of oestrus Rebreeding after parturition: 3-4 weeks after weaning. The carcass yield is high: 65 -80% of live weight. (Pigs are known for their meat yield, which in terms of dressing percentage ranges from 65 - 80 in comparison to other livestock species whose dressing yields may not exceed 65%.) Suckling Period: 56 Days Pigs thrive well in temperature range of 20-25oC.
www.iaritoppers.in Whatsapp : +91-9694095242 Page | 3 Comparison between Desi & Exotic: Desi Exotic Litter size at birth 7.5 10 Birth weight (kg.) 0.91 1.4 Dressing percentage 66 68 Maturity (months) 14 8-10 Weaning weight (kg.) 4.1 13.5 Weaning percentage 54 78.5 Nomenclature: Species : Sus scrofa vittatus & Sus scrofa indicus Group : Stock / Drove New Born : Piglets (Last born piglet- Runt) Young male : Boarling Yong female : Gilt Adult Male : Boar Adult female : Sow Castrated male: stag / Hog Parturition : Farrowing Mating : Coupling Sound : Grunting Determining the age of Pigs by teeth:
www.iaritoppers.in Whatsapp : +91-9694095242 Page | 4 Breeds: Large white Yorkshire : Chester white Middle white Yorkshire : Tamworth Berkshire : Landrace (Denmark – Bacon breed) Poland china Spotted Poland china Duroc Hampshire 1. Large White Yorkshire: Matured body weight boar: 300-400kg and sow 230-320kg Most extensively used exotic breed in India.. It is an excellent breed for the purpose of crossbreeding. 2. Middle White Yorkshire: This breed was evolved by crossing the Large White Yorkshire with smaller breed of Yorkshire extraction. Adult body weight boar: 250-340kg and sow 180-270kg. 3. Landrace (Berkshire): The origin of this breed is Denmark, where it has been bred and fed to produce the highest quality bacon in the world. Matured body weight boar 270-360 kg and sow 200-320 kg. Swine Nutrition: Monogastric and omnivorous – low fibre, high quality protein (Animal sources) Weaning : Weaning is defined as “the accustom (an infant or other young mammal) to food other than its mother's milk”. Essentially, the babies are removed from their mothers and placed on a man- made feeding system.