Title Animal Husbandry Part-13.pdf ✅

www.iaritoppers.in Whatsapp : +91-9694095242 Page | 1 Animal Husbandry 5 th Edition 2024
www.iaritoppers.in Whatsapp : +91-9694095242 Page | 2 Swine Husbandry Industry status: 1. Primitive 2. Poor quality meat and low aesthestic value of meat produced. Advantages:  High Prolificacy: 6-12 no./litter  FCR – 1 : 2.5 – 3  Short generation interval – 2 farrowings / year  More quantity of meat/unit weight  More energy / unit weight  High meat : Bone ratio  Easily adapted to integrated or mixed farming system.  Successfully maintained on discarded feed, garden waste and kitchen waste.  High dressing percentage  High growth rate: 10 Kg./month  Early maturity: 9-10 month of age  Early puberty: 5-8 months  Length of oestrus cycle: 21 days  Oestrus period: 2-4 days  Service: 2nd /3rd day of oestrus  Rebreeding after parturition: 3-4 weeks after weaning.  The carcass yield is high: 65 -80% of live weight. (Pigs are known for their meat yield, which in terms of dressing percentage ranges from 65 - 80 in comparison to other livestock species whose dressing yields may not exceed 65%.)  Suckling Period: 56 Days  Pigs thrive well in temperature range of 20-25oC.
www.iaritoppers.in Whatsapp : +91-9694095242 Page | 3 Comparison between Desi & Exotic: Desi Exotic Litter size at birth 7.5 10 Birth weight (kg.) 0.91 1.4 Dressing percentage 66 68 Maturity (months) 14 8-10 Weaning weight (kg.) 4.1 13.5 Weaning percentage 54 78.5 Nomenclature:  Species : Sus scrofa vittatus & Sus scrofa indicus  Group : Stock / Drove  New Born : Piglets (Last born piglet- Runt)  Young male : Boarling  Yong female : Gilt  Adult Male : Boar  Adult female : Sow  Castrated male: stag / Hog  Parturition : Farrowing  Mating : Coupling  Sound : Grunting Determining the age of Pigs by teeth:
www.iaritoppers.in Whatsapp : +91-9694095242 Page | 4 Breeds:  Large white Yorkshire : Chester white  Middle white Yorkshire : Tamworth  Berkshire : Landrace (Denmark – Bacon breed)  Poland china  Spotted Poland china  Duroc  Hampshire 1. Large White Yorkshire:  Matured body weight boar: 300-400kg and sow 230-320kg  Most extensively used exotic breed in India.. It is an excellent breed for the purpose of crossbreeding. 2. Middle White Yorkshire:  This breed was evolved by crossing the Large White Yorkshire with smaller breed of Yorkshire extraction.  Adult body weight boar: 250-340kg and sow 180-270kg. 3. Landrace (Berkshire):  The origin of this breed is Denmark, where it has been bred and fed to produce the highest quality bacon in the world.  Matured body weight boar 270-360 kg and sow 200-320 kg. Swine Nutrition:  Monogastric and omnivorous – low fibre, high quality protein (Animal sources) Weaning :  Weaning is defined as “the accustom (an infant or other young mammal) to food other than its mother's milk”. Essentially, the babies are removed from their mothers and placed on a man- made feeding system.